Equality diversity and inclusion in dementia Essay Example for Free

Equality diversity and inclusion in dementia Essay The term consent capacity means for an adult to have the ability to understand information relevant to making an informal or voluntary decision. A wide range of diseases, disorders, conditions and injuries can affect a person’s ability to understand and give consent to information that has been relayed to them. Informed consent is a phrase often used in law to indicate that the consent from the individual meets the certain minimum standards. In order to give informed consent the individual concerned must have adequate reasoning faculties and be in possession of all relevant facts at the time that the consent is given. Impairments to reasoning and judgment which may make it impossible for someone to give informed consent include such factors as basic intellectual or emotional immaturity, high levels of stress such as post-traumatic stress disorder or as severe mental retardation, severe mental illness, intoxication, severe sleep deprivation, Alzheimers disease, or being in a coma. Questioning and challenging decisions that are made by others this would depends on the mental capacity of the individual you want to support. First, you would obtain their permission and then you must get them to explain as exactly as possible what help they reckon they need. Then you can offer further information, suggestions, and a plan to challenge such decisions. You could offer to be their spokesperson if they werent confident enough to speak out, or to accompany them to any hearing or appointment. However if the person is mentally impaired, you would have to get their signed permission to speak and act on their behalf before any health or social care workers would listen to you because of issues of confidentiality, you either have to be next of kin, or obtain powers of attorney or guardianship. How identity, self-image and self-esteem are linked is that self-esteem is how much you value yourself, in an ideal world this would be an equal to anyone purely on the basis of being human. Self-Image is the spinoff of countless self-esteem choices, and is basically your mental image of you as you are, usually not accurate. Identity is linked with this because everyone has their own identity and this is unique to each person. People’s identity is buil t up on their self-image and self-esteem. Every part of your life is influenced by your state of wellbeing. These factors enhance person’s wellbeing; a happy relationship with a partner, enjoyable and fulfilling career, a good network of close  friends, a supporting family, enough money, regular exercise, a balanced diet and fun hobbies and leisure. There is lots of different uses for risk assessments for example there will always be a risk assessment carried out and the start of the day or the start of a shift, this is normally and formal risk assessment. You will also risk assess things as you are getting on with your work for example if there is an object in the middle of your path you will may move it out of the way or to the side so you and others can get past safely, these risk assessments you may not realise that you are doing them because they just seem obvious and come so easy to you. You may also risk assess whether people that are in your care are not likely to get injured or lost by contractors that are also using the facilities. Every individual has rights of their own choices and decisions weather it is putting them at risk, this is why risk assessments are carried out to make sure the risks that the individual are willing to take is kept down to the lowest risk. As a carer you have responsibilities to make sure you and your service user are kept out of risks and danger. Risk assessments need to be regularly revised because peoples abilities change which could mean that they can no longer use stairs so you will have to risk assess what may happen if they were to use the stairs and how to prevent them from being at any danger. You also have to risk assess your ability to carry out some activities. So they need to regularly revised because you never know when an environment is going to change.

Causes and Solutions of World Poverty Essay -- Global Poverty Informat

Causes and Solutions of World Poverty Poverty is prevalent throughout the world around us. We watch television and see famous people begging us to sponsor a child for only ten dollars a month. We think in our own minds that ten dollars is only pocket change, but to those children and their families, that ten dollars is a large portion of their annual income. We see images of starving children in far away countries, and our hearts go out to them. But we really do not know the implications of poverty, why it exists, or even what we can do to help combat this giant problem in our world. What is poverty? Well, according to Webster's Third New International Dictionary, poverty is "lack of money or material possessions; poor." Two-thirds of the world's population fits this definition. I know that many times we think of being poor as not being able to buy the car we want or take the trip we can only dream about. However, being poor, living in poverty, hits a lot lower than that. For example, a resident of the country of Chad will only bring in $100 each year. Since many people can make more than that in one week, some in one day, can you imagine having the feed a family of five or six, or even a family of two, on only $100 a year? These are the conditions that exist in poverty-stricken countries. There are many reasons why poverty is an increasing problem. The first is delayed modernization. These less-developed countries barely have enough skilled workers and managers and technology. Industrialized countries have four times as many managers and workers as the less-developed countries, also known as LDC's. It is almost impossible for the lower-developed countries to catch up or even compete with the industrialized countries.... ...he second way to attempt to decrease the population is through increased active family planning programs. Especially in poor countries, it is a lot harder for women just to jump into the work force, and even harder for a poor country to become industrialized. For example, in Bangladesh, one of the world's poorest countries, birth rates have decreased from seven children per family to only 5.5. This is largely because forty percent of Bangladesh's woman now take part in some form of family planning. The New International Economic Order, known as the NIEO, has also taken steps to decrease the amount of poverty in the world and hopefully eliminate the large gap between the rich and the poor in the world. Through individual, national, and global aid, we can take steps to decrease the overwhelming amount of poverty in less-developed countries and even in our own lands.

Behavioral Observations of Number of Items Bought in Chain Stores

Students: Egor Karpunin, 5006119 Dominika Majcher, 5028142 Behavioral observations of Number of items bought in chain stores by consumers according to their sex Assignment for the course â€Å"Consumer Behaviour† Introduction The general purpose of our study was to define, which part of the observed buyers (male or female) tends to buy more than 1 item. According to our assumptions, women buy more items than men. This could be a result of the women’s shopping nature.Usually women going to some shopping mall to buy, for example, the presents for Christmas (or even just doing shopping for themselves) for their relatives do not set a specific goal before actually go shopping. They just find some time and then decide to visit some shop. Then being already in the shop they choose to buy anything that seems attractive or could be somehow useful for those whom they buy the present. So this so-called „shopping strategy† means that at the same time they can like a lo t of things and buy not only one (for their husband or sun) but also for their friends, colleagues etc.They can also like some additional things like jewellery for the dress that they have just decided to buy. We can’t say the same about men’s shopping. Everybody tend to think that men do not like shopping. But actually when there are some who likes it or they just have to do it to make their couple (or kid, grandmother, colleague) fell â€Å"real† Christmas (etc. ) they go to the shop with an already defined objective. As a rule it means that they had already thought through the present itself in advance and now they just want to go to specific shop and buy one. But they also can buy several items in one shop.All in all we are going to confirm or reject our assumption. | Male Customers| Female Customers| | 1 Item| 24| 10| 34| 2 or more Items| 12| 34| 46| | 36| 44| 80| Procedure Our observation was made on Friday, December 7th, 2012, between 3 o'clock and 6 oâ⠂¬â„¢clock in the afternoon. We chose the time of Christmas shopping when everybody finished their work and a lot of people went to stores located in the city center. We went to the chain stores H;M, Zara, New Yorker and Peek;Cloppenburg located at Zeil street in Frankfurt am Main offering their products to both male and female customers.We observed the main check out in every of these stores (both groups of customers buy there) – stores like these are very popular among both groups of customers. We chose the ‘Zeil’ street in Frankfurt because of wide variety of customers shopping there and their random preferences. In every store we observed first 20 customers who paid for their shopping at the main check out. Every time we stayed near the check out place and noted the sex of every client as well as number of items they bought. Results We observed 80 customers (one by one, without breaks) in described chain stores.We got 80 observations, 44 of them were women an d 36 men. In 46 cases the customers bought more than 1 item and in 34 just one product (so 57,5% customers bought at least 2 or more items). Distribution of these purchases has been shown on the graph below: The graph follows that women buy more often at least 2 or more items (vs. 1 item) in chain stores than men. To check this conclusion we computed the Chi-Square-test (the analyses have been included as an appendix at the end of the paper). We got the Actual Chi-Square value on the level 15. 4. The Critical Chi-Square value with 1 degree of freedom and p-value 0. 05 is 3. 84. We compared Actual 2 with the Critical 2 and made sure that the given Actual Chi-Square value is bigger than the Critical one (15. 64 ; 3. 84). This means that women buy more often at least 2 or more items (vs. 1 item) in chain stores than men. Conclusions (Egor) According to the results of the observation our initial assumption that women tend to buy 2 or more items in the stores while shopping, whether men tend more often to by only 1 item, is right.As the observation took part on Friday (end of the working week actually) from our point of view the results could differ the other day from that we have now, but the difference would not be so significant that could refuse our initial hypothesis. The location (the place where we made the observation) change also would not change the results. The prerequisite of our observation is to look at behavior of people in chain stores, so it does not really matter for the final result whether to collect out observations in the shops at Zeil Street or in Nordwestzentrum shopping mall.Our survey could also be useful for marketers of the shops where the observation took place. For instance, if women tend to buy more than 1 item in a shop like H;M, Zara etc. , then chain stores should make some combinations of matching product, offer some additional accessories or just a pack of few clothes for a bit lower price(for example, skirt + blouse). So when wo men can get this ability to buy something more than just 1 thing that they chose, this ability can be used and they would make their choice into buying additional jewellery for their new dress or buying skirt+blouse together than buying only one item of clothes.Appendix 1. Collected data | Male| Female| Row| 1 item| 24| 10| 34| 2 or more items| 12| 34| 46| Column| 36| 44| 80| Hypothesis 0: Men buy more often 2 or more items (vs. 1 item) in chain stores than women. Hypothesis 1: Women buy more often 2 or more items (vs. 1 item) in chain stores than men. 2. Actual 2 2 = (Observed Cell Frequency – Expected Cell Frequency)2/Expected Cell Frequency} Expected Cell Frequency| | | | | Row 1| (24+10)/80 | 0. 425| | Column 1| (24+12)/80 | 0. 45| Row 2| (12+34)/80 | 0. 575| | Column 2| (10+34)/80| 0. 55| Row 1 Prob x Column 1 Prob =| 0. 91| Row 1 Prob x Column 2 Prob =| 0. 234| Row 2 Prob x Column 1 Prob =| 0. 259| Row 2 Prob x Column 2 Prob =| 0. 316| 0. 191 * 80 = | 0. 234 * 80 =| 0. 259 * 80 =| 0. 316 * 80 =| 15. 3| 18. 7| 20. 7| 25. 3| Actual 2 = (24-15. 3)^2/15. 3+(10-18. 7)^2/18. 7+(12-20. 7)^2/20. 7+(34-25. 3)^2/25. 3 3. Actual 2 vs. Critical 2 Actual 2 = 15. 64 Critical 2 = 3. 84 (1 d. f. , p-value 0. 05) 3. 84 ; 15. 64 =; Critical 2 ; Actual 2 Conclusion: The hypothesis 1 is true. Women buy more often 2 or more items (vs. 1 item) in chain stores than men.

Career Ideas for Business - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1613 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Introduction It is now past three days since I conducted my first interview as part of the Intercultural communication and Global citizenship program and fortunately. I learned a lot the hard way about this daunting process. I was fortunate enough to get another chance to conduct a second interview, and I must say I have had a great time and learned more than just the basics of my interview exercise. We learn by trial, and with more effort, I have emerged from this process with some few insights that I would like to present in this paper. First Interview The first person I interviewed was Omar Abdul, a freshman student at the University of La Trobe Australia. Omar is one of my classmates in the course unit ‘Intercultural Communication and Global Citizenship. His plans include majoring in Business Administration, with the aim of having a successful company of his, someday. I, therefore, felt interested in knowing Omar’s background and the reason behind his decision to major in B.A, so I decided to interview him. I began my first interview just like most interviews, asking the subject about their background details, such as where they come from, about their current life and how they consider life in campus to become. My first step was to find out more about the interviewee, so I asked him to tell me about himself. It turns out that Omar is from Saudi Arabia, was born in 1996 and spent most of his childhood in his native homeland always hoping to become a wealthy businessman in future. The challenging question to him came w hen I asked: â€Å"how do you encourage intercultural relations among peers?† Omar affirms much of what he had experienced while growing up about his perceptions of being interpreted differently when he used to visit his relatives in the US. He thus emphasized the importance of having an open mindset and be willing to accept any opportunity that presented itself in life. â€Å"I am always willing to try new things in life,† he says. â€Å"There are always new opportunities to learn, new challenges to face, and new things to discover. There is still much we do not know† he concluded. Upon reviewing his comments, I now realize we start by considering our own cultural identities, the role of family and friends in shaping our identity. As we begin to explore understandings through interactions, and readings, we can be surprised by just how much there is still left to explore (Colvin, Volet, and Fozdar, 2014). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Career Ideas for Business" essay for you Create order I then proceeded to ask him a series of questions relating to the decision to come to the University of La Trobe, when there are several other colleges in Saudi Arabia and even in Australia. I asked him â€Å"Why do you feel the University of La Trobe is the best choice for you?† He started by saying that he joined the university to gain exposure, away from the ethical conflict that hindered his career development back at home. The second and most critical response was because of the highly recognized accreditation body of Australia that would mean his qualifications are recognized globally. To Omar, and indeed many other students, both local and international, it is an honor to study at the University of La Trobe. The initial question sparked many other questions as the interview progressed and I feel my knowledge and confidence had definitely grown as a result of this experience. Though it proved a challenge at first, the experience after the first interview was both relievi ng and reassuring to note that I had at least achieved some progress. Conducting this interview helped me realize the advantage of smaller issues which we take for granted, that would otherwise change our lives for the better if we took them seriously (Berry, 1999). After graduating, Omar plans to join the corporate world and apply the knowledge he has acquired into helping large corporations with administrative tasks and oversight roles as he looks forward to gain experience of owning his own corporation. His vision is to one day work for a big company, specifically, big banks such HSBC or any firm that operates in the financial markets. While conducting the interview, I noticed that Omar is a very focused individual who knows what he wants to achieve in life. He credits much of the motivation to his hard working mother who is the greatest motivation in his life. Second Interview Conducting an interview is an essential element for the development of my communication skills, in spite of also helping me develop my professional skills. In this respect, I find it important to conduct interviews that evoke the trust and confidence of the person I am interviewing (Neuliep, 2017). By preparing questions that evoke trust and understanding, I am able to develop positive interpersonal relationships, or at least, be able to influence the interviewee to provide more information so that I can learn more about him or her from the interview. Secondly, I find it necessary to start an interview with a clear idea of what I am going to cover (Doody and Noonan, 2013). Thus, my second interview, I designed the interview questions in such a way that would allow me to find out more about the personality, life experience, and knowledge. One idea that I realized from my first interview was the need to find out if the person I was interviewing could back up their previous answers. Thi s meant that I had to frame questions which compel the interviewee to explain how they view or handle different situations, using examples from past experiences (Jacob and Furgerson, 2012). I believe this will be the most productive questions in my interviews since they will enable me to obtain answers that reveal insights into the capabilities, strengths, and weaknesses of the person I am interviewing. In the second interview, I interrogated Mrs. Rebecca Fuller, a Certified Public Accountant, who also happens to be the mother of Neil Fuller, my childhood friend. I first began to get interested in Mrs. Fuller’s knowledge when we used to play with Fuller during school holidays. Interviewing her at a professional level,   not only provided me with an opportunity to develop my skills but also reminded me of old memories that offered great inspiration to continue working towards the journey of completing my course. I, unfortunately, did not bump into a chance of interviewing Mrs. Fuller on campus, but I did interview her at her workplace after visiting her. My first question after settling down was about her interest in the profession, and she began to state how she had always been good with numbers and enjoyed the business part of accounting. At one point during the interview, Mrs. Fuller stated that â€Å"the financial reward that the accounting profession could offer was the major factor that inspired her.† This shows that apart from taking pleasure in doing her job, the accounting profession also contributes to her well-being as well as her family, financially. Mrs. Fuller contends that she became interested in accounting career by working with different firms and meeting different kinds of business people who helped open doors for her, enabling her to venture into other businesses too. She replied that she enjoyed meeting new business individuals every day, and most important, having a business venture of her own. As someone who has experienced it, Mrs. Fuller contends that being self-employed provides a person with great flexibility (Benz and Frey, 2008) saying that â€Å"I can work on my own time and run my business how I see fit.† He also mentions that â€Å"there is nothing like being your boss.† However, her greatest satisfaction comes from helping small businesses become successful. She provides smaller firms with valuable pieces of advice, such as how to manage their money wisely and by avoiding careless decisions. With this comment, I also felt interested in starting and running my own company, due to the great flexib ility and benefits, despite the fact that it also gives one a great feeling of accomplishment. It is a fact that getting a degree to become a Certified Public Accountant is not an easy task, but Mrs. Fuller’s responses seem to be quite legit given her understanding of the industry and the standards she upholds. Although she does acknowledge that the industry also has its challenges, overall, Mrs. Fuller is a dedicated woman, who enjoys her occupation as much as her career. She takes pride in seeing the people she has assisted becoming successful, and this gives her the strength to keep going. Throughout all the interviews I conducted, I received and acknowledged several interesting issues. I had the chance to interview two great people, Omar Abdul, a fellow hardworking student and Mrs. Fuller, an accountant. The two individuals I interviewed had unique and insightful words to say about life, and the important ideas to consider in order to become successful. Fortunately, I was able to ask both participants about their first inspirations and motivations, and unsurprisingl y, all of them are driven by the desire to be successful in life. For instance, both participants view the notion of having or owning a business as one of the biggest achievements due to the various benefits that it provides the owner. Conclusion The responses in these interviews are exactly in compliance with my perceptions on how people from diverse communities should communicate. The outcomes of this process have greatly strengthened my experience, and I will continue to practice and improve my interpersonal as well as communication skills. As a result of the interview process, I have learned the importance of effective communication that I believe will be valuable in my future interactions and Career.